Although nutritional stress impacts many insect species that have differing reproductive strategies and life histories, it remains unclear how nutrient-sensing signaling pathways mediate tissue-specific responses to changes in dietary input. In Drosophila melanogaster, insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) and mTOR-mediated signaling within adipocytes regulates oogenesis. In their new study titled "Antibody development to identify components of IIS and mTOR signaling pathways in lepidopteran species, a set of non-model insects", Drs. Alissa Armstrong and Carol Boggs developed antibodies to assess IIS (anti-FOXO) and mTOR signaling (anti-TOR) across three nymphalid species (Lepidoptera) in order to facilitate comparative study of nutrient-sensing pathway activity in the fat body. By optimizing whole-mount fat body immunostaining, they found FOXO nuclear enrichment in adult adipocytes, like that observed in Drosophila, and showed a previously uncharacterized TOR localization pattern in the fat body.